The art of paper making was introduced in Kashmir during the reign of the famous emperor Zain-ul-Abidin (1420-1470 AD). The use of paper pulp as a base material for making fine decorative objects of papier mache was the result of Central Asian influence in Kashmir. Papier mache was locally known as Kar-e-kalamdani or pen case work as the art was used primarily to make pen cases for the nobility and other literate people.
Once the object is shaped, it is coated with a layer of a mixture of gypsum and glue. The surface is smoothened by rubbing with a soft stone and water. Then a layer of ground color is applied. Gold is used on most objects either as the only color or to heighten the motif. Finally a layer of lacquer varnish is applied.